8-10" (20-25 cm). Male has red head, breast, and back; dark tail. Gray, black, and white bars on wings; black eye with indistinct black line. Female and immature has chestnut crown
and rump, gray elsewhere with black
and white bars on wings. Pinicola
enucleator
(Pine Grosbeak)
Physical
Description:
8-10" (20-25 cm). Male
has red head, breast, and back; dark tail. Gray, black, and white bars on wings;
black eye with indistinct black line. Female and immature has chestnut crown and rump, gray elsewhere with black
and white bars on wings.
Similar Species- White-winged Crossbill
Song:
Warbling
with little variation in pitch (only 3 notes).
Distribution:
Breeds
from western Alaska, east across northern Canada to Newfoundland, and south
to central California, northern New Mexico, northern Alberta, central Manitoba,
central Maine, and Nova Scotia. Winters from western Alaska and portions of
western and southern Canada, south through breeding range.
Habitat:
Found in open
coniferous (less commonly mixed coniferous/deciduous)
forests and forest edges. During migration and in winter, also found
in deciduous forests, woodlands, second
growth, and shrubbery.
Diet:
Feeds on wide variety of seeds.
Also eats fruits and insects.
Ecology:
Builds cup-shaped
nest, usually in coniferous tree, but may nest in shrub. Takes food from foliage
or ground. gregarious; may gather in flocks of up to 100 birds.
Reproduction:
Female incubates 2-6 eggs (usually 4),
for 13-14 days. Young leave nest about 20 days after hatching.
Conservation:
| Element Code: | ABPBY03010 |
| Status: | Protected nongame species |
| Global Rank: | G5 |
| State Rank: | S4 |
| National Rank: | N5 |
Important
State References:
No references are available at this time.